For word meanings and explanatory discussion in English click on the tabs marked “Roman” or “Notes”.
Recitation
نہرو ۔ ۱۹۳۶ ۔ آنند نرائن مُلّا
۱
وطن میں کون سردارِ چمن پھر بن کے آتا ہے
چمن کی سمت ارمانِ چمن پھر بن کے آتا ہے
رُخِ غم پر تبسُّم کی کِرن پھر بن کے آتا ہے
سوئے یعقوب بوئے پیرہن پھر بن کے آتا ہے
حکومت نے کیا تھا قید جس کو سرگراں ہو کر
وہی یوسف پھر آیا ہے امیرِ کارواں ہو کر
۲
یہ جس کیاری کا گل ہے اُس کی پہچانی ہوئی بُو ہے
مہک پھیلی ہوئی اُس کی چمن بھر میں ہر اِک سُو ہے
خزاں کے دورِ حاضر میں یہی تسکیں کا پہلو ہے
یہی جانِ گُلِستاں ہے اِسی کا نام نہرو ہے
دلوں پر نقش ہے اِس کا زبانوں پر وظیفہ ہے
یہی وہ نام ہے جس کے سہارے قوم زندہ ہے
۳
تری فرقت میں رنجیدہ تھے یارانِ کہن سارے
ترانے بھولتے جاتے تھے مرغانِ چمن سارے
لگے تھے جھلملاتے سے چراغِ انجمن سارے
تری آواز کے تھے منتظر سازِ وطن سارے
ترا محفل میں آنا تھا کہ پھر منہ میں زبان آئی
رگوں میں پھر لہو دوڑا تنِ بیجاں میں جان آئی
۴
ترے دل میں تڑپ ہے ایک سوزِ غیر فانی کی
نظر میں اک تجلّی ہے شعاعِ زِندگانی کی
ہنسی ہلکی سی ہونٹوں پر امیدِ کامرانی کی
قسم کھاتا ہے فردائے وطن تیری جوانی کی
اِنھیں ہاتھوں کُھلے گا اِک نہ اِک دن بابِ آزادی
تری صورت میں دیکھا ہے وطن نے خوابِ آزادی
۵
نہیں رکھنے کا تو پائے جفا پر فرقِ حُریّت
ستمگاری کے بیڑوں کو کیا ہے غرقِ حُریّت
ترے خوں میں سرایت کر گئی ہے برقِ حُریّت
وطن کو تُو بنا دے گا کسی دن شرقِ حُریّت
تو ہی اِس دورِ طوفاں میں ہے اپنا نوحِ آزادی
ترے قالب میں کھنچ کر آ گئی ہے روحِ آزادی
۶
قریبِ اختتام آنے لگا ہے دورِ بربادی
مرے کانوں میں آتی ہے صدائے نغمۂ شادی
کہیں روکے سے رک سکتی ہے اب تعمیرِ آزادی
ہر اِک زنداں میں رکھ آیا ہے تو اِک سنگِ بنیادی
ترے نقشِ قدم ہیں رزم گہ کے چپّہ چپّہ پر
ترے ایثار کی مہریں لگی ہیں ذرّہ ذرّہ پر
नहरू – १९३६ – आनंद नरायन मुल्ला
१
वतन में कौन सरदार-ए चमन फिर बन के आता है
चमन की सम्त अरमान-ए चमन फिर बन के आता है
रुख़-ए ग़म पर तबस्सुम की किरन फिर बन के आता है
सु-ए याक़ूब बू-ए पैरहन फिर बन के आता है
हुकूमत ने किया था क़ैद जिस को सरगरां हो कर
वही यूसुफ़ फिर आया है अमीर-ए कारवां हो कर
२
ये जिस क्यारी का गुल है उस की पहचानी हुई बू है
महक फैली हुई उस की चमन भर में हर एक सू है
ख़िज़ां के दौर-ए हाज़र में यही तस्कीं का पहलू है
यही जान-ए गुलिस्तां है, इसी का नाम नहरू है
दिलौं पर नक़्श है इस का ज़बानौं पर वज़ीफ़ा है
यही वो नाम है जिस के सहारे क़ौम ज़िन्दा है
३
तेरी फ़ुर्क़त में रंजीदा थे यारान-ए कोहन सारे
तराने भुलते जाते थे मुर्ग़ान-ए चमन सारे
लगे थे झील्मिलाते से चराग़-ए अंजुमन सारे
तेरी आवाज़ के थे मुंतज़र साज़-ए वतन सारे
तेरा महफ़िल में आना था के फिर मुंह में ज़बान आई
रगौं में फिर लहू दौड़ा तन-ए बेजां में जान आई
४
तेरे दिल में तड़प है एक सोज़-ए ग़ैर-फ़ानी की
नज़र में एक तजल्ली है शु’आ-ए ज़िंदगानी की
हंसी हल्की सि होंटौं पर उमीद-ए कामरानी की
क़सम खाता है फ़र्दा-ए वतन तेरी जवानी की
इन्हीं हाथौं खुलेगा एक न एक दिन बाब-ए आज़ादी
तेरी सूरत में देखा है वतन ने ख़्वाब-ए आज़ादी
५
नहीं रखने का तू पा-ए जफ़ा पर फ़र्क़-ए हुरिय्यत
सितम्गारी के बेढौं को किया है ग़र्क़-ए हुरिय्यत
तेरे ख़ूं में सरायत कर गई है बर्क़-ए हुरिय्यत
वतन को तू बना देगा किसी दिन शर्क़-ए हुरिय्यत
तु ही इस दौर-ए तूफ़ां में है अपना नूह-ए आज़ादी
तेरे क़ालिब में खिंच कर आ गई है रूह-ए आज़ादी
६
क़रिब-ए एख़्तेताम आने लगा है दौर-ए बर्बादी
मेरे कानौं में आती है सदा-ए नग़्मा-ए शादी
कहीं रोके से रुक सकती है अब तामीर-ए आज़ादी
हर एक ज़िंदां में रख आया है तू एक संग-ए बुन्यादी
तेरे नक़्श-ए क़दम हैं रज़्म-गह के चप्पे चप्पे पर
तेरे ईसार की मोहरें लगी हैं ज़र्रे ज़र्रे पर
Click here for background and on any passage for word meanings and explanatory discussion. anand narain mulla (1901-1997), a kashmiri panDit from lukhnow, a high court judge, member of lok sabha and then of the rajya sabha was a liberal thinker reaching across communal lines with a strong love of urdu. This nazm in the form of a musaddas must have been recited at a gathering welcoming nehru upon his release from prison in 1936. The use of urdu poetic metaphors and traditions is worth noting, especially since the audience must have also been steeped in these rich traditions.
1
vatan1 meN kaun sardaar2-e chaman phir ban ke aata hai
chaman ki samt3 armaan4-e chaman phir ban ke aata hai
ruKh5-e Gham6 par tabassum7 ki kiran8 phir ban ke aata hai
su9-e yaqoob10 buu11-e pairahan12 phir ban ke aata hai
hukoomat13 ne kiya tha qaid14 jis ko sargaraaN15 ho kar
vahi yuusuf16 phir aaya hai amiir17-e kaarvaaN ho kar 1.homeland 2.leader 3.towards 4.yearning 5.face 6.sorrow 7.smile 8.ray of light 9.towards 10.Jacob 11.fragrance 12.clothes 13.government 14.imprisoned 15.angry 16.Joseph 17.leader
Who is it that comes back home as the leader of garden/homeland. He turns towards the garden/homeland reflecting its yearning (for freedom). He comes like a ray of light, a smile on the sorrowful face of the homeland. He comes towards Jacob as the fragrance of clothes (of Joseph). The Biblical/qur’aanic story behind this is that Joseph was the favourite youngest son of Jacob. On a trade mission the older brothers, out of jealousy, threw Joseph down a deep well, took his clothes back to their father, claiming that he was killed by a wolf. Jacob wept so profusely that he became blind, but the fragrance of his son’s clothes was a significant part of his loving memories. In this musaddas, composed and recited in 1936, Joseph is a metaphor for jawaharlal nehru but Jacob is not a metaphor for motilal nehru who was long dead (1931), but for the motherland/fatherland. Thus, jawaharlal returns to the homeland as the fragrance of loving memories. The Joseph, who the government had imprisoned in a fit of anger returns as the leader of the caravan of freedom.
2
ye jis kyaari1 ka gul2 hai us ki pahchaani3 hui buu4 hai
mahak5 phaili hui us ki chaman bhar meN har ek suu6 hai
KhizaaN7 ke daur-e-haazir8 meN yahi taskiiN9 ka pahlu10 hai
yahi jaan-e-gulistaaN11 hai, isi ka naam nehru hai
diloN par naqsh12 hai us ka zabaanoN par vaziifa13 hai
yahi vo naam hai jis ke sahaare14 qaum15 zindaa hai 1.cultivated line, garden plot 2.rose 3.familiar 4.fragrance 5.fragrance 6.direction 7.autumn, dry season 8.present times 9.peace of mind, comfort 10.facet, point of view 11.soul of the garden 12.imprint 13.chanting 14.supported by 15.homeland
He is the rose of the garden plot whose fragrance is familiar. His fragrance is spread in all directions of the garden. In the drought of the present times he is the only facet of comfort. He is the soul of the homeland/garden, his name is nehru. His name is imprinted on all hearts, and the chant on all lips/tongues. This is the name, supported on which the nation lives/hopes.
3
teri furqat1 meN ranjiida2 the yaaraan-e-kohan3 saare
taraane bhoolte jaate the murGhaan4-e chaman saare
lage the jhilmilaate5 se charaaGh-e-anjuman6 saare
teri aavaaz ke the muntazar7 saaz-e-vatan8 saare
tera mahfil9 meN aana tha ke phir muNh meN zabaan aaii
ragauN10 meN phir lahu11 dauRa tan12-e be-jaaN13 meN jaan aaii 1.separation, absence 2.sorrowful 3.longtime friends 4.birds 5.flickering 6.lamps of the homeland 7.waiting 8.musical instruments of the homeland 9.gathering, society 10.veins 11.blood 12.body 13.lifeless
All your longtime friends/admirers were sorrowful because of your absence. The birds of the garden had forgotten all their songs. The lamps of the country had begun to flicker. All the harps of the country were waiting for your voice. Your arrival in the society has given us tongue. Blood has started flowing through veins of lifeless bodies.
4
tere dil meN taRap1 hai ek soz2-e Ghair-faani3 ki
nazar4 meN ek tajalli5 hai shu’aa-e-zindagaani6 ki
haNsi halki si hoNToN par umiid-e-kaamraani7 ki
qasam-khaata8 hai farda-e-vatan9 teri javaani ki
inhiiN haathoN khulega ek na ek din baab-e-aazaadi10
teri soorat meN dekha hai vatan ne Khwaab-e-aazaadi11 1.restlessness 2.fire, passion 3.without end, eternal 4.eyes 5.brilliance 6.ray of light of life/hope 7.hope of triumph 8.swear by 9.future of the homeland 10.door to freedom 11.dream/vision of freedom
An eternal fire/passion is restless in your heart. Your eyes carry a brilliance and ray of hope. The future of the homeland swears by your youthful vigour. These are the hands that will open the door to freedom. In your face the homeland sees the vision of freedom.
5
nahiN rakhne ka tuu paa1-e jafa2 par farq3-e hurriyyat4
sitamgaari5 ke beRoN6 ko kiya hai Gharq7-e hurriyyat
tere KhooN meN saraa’et8 kar gaii hai barq9-e hurriyyat
vatan ko tuu bana dega kisi din sharq10-e hurriyyat
tu hi is daur-e-toofaaN11 meN apna nooh12-e aazaadi
tere qaabil12 meN khiNch13 kar aa gaii hai rooh14-e aazaadi 1.feet 2.oppression 3.head 4.freedom 5.injustice 6.a band of soldiers 7.drown 8.permeate 9.lightning 10.east, dawn 11.stormy times 12.Noah 13.body 13.collected, filtered 14.spirit
You were not the one to place the head of freedom at the feet of oppression. You drowned the troops of injustice in the sea of freedom. The lightning/thunder of freedom permeated your blood. Some day you will make the homeland the exemplary dawn of freedom. In these stormy times you are our Noah (of the Biblical prophet of Noah’s flood). The spirit of freedom has filtered into your body.
6
qariib1-e eKhtetaam2 aane laga hai daur-e-barbaadi3
mere kaanoN meN aati hai sadaa4-e naGhma-e-shaadi5
kahiN roke se ruk sakti hai ab taa’miir-e-aazaadi6
har ek zindaaN7 meN rakh aaya hai tu ek saNg-e-buniyaadi8
tere naqsh-e-qadam9 haiN razm-gah10 ke chappe-chappe11 par
tere eesaar12 ki mohreN13 lagi haiN zarre-zarre14 par 1.near 2.end 3.times of exploitation 4.sound 5.song of celebration 6.making of freedom 7.prison 8.foundation stone 9.footprints 10.battle field, field of struggle 11.every patch 12.sincerity 13.stamp 14.every particle
The end of the time of exploitation is near. I hear the sound of the song of celebration. How can the making of freedom be stopped. You have place a foundation stone in every prison. Your footprints are in every patch of the ground of freedom struggle. You love and sincerity is stamped on every particle.
anand narain mulla (1901-1997), a kashmiri panDit from lukhnow, a high court judge, member of lok sabha and then of the rajya sabha was a liberal thinker reaching across communal lines with a strong love of urdu. This nazm in the form of a musaddas must have been recited at a gathering welcoming nehru upon his release from prison in 1936. The use of urdu poetic metaphors and traditions is worth noting, especially since the audience must have also been steeped in these rich traditions.
1
vatan1 meN kaun sardaar2-e chaman phir ban ke aata hai
chaman ki samt3 armaan4-e chaman phir ban ke aata hai
ruKh5-e Gham6 par tabassum7 ki kiran8 phir ban ke aata hai
su9-e yaqoob10 buu11-e pairahan12 phir ban ke aata hai
hukoomat13 ne kiya tha qaid14 jis ko sargaraaN15 ho kar
vahi yuusuf16 phir aaya hai amiir17-e kaarvaaN ho kar
1.homeland 2.leader 3.towards 4.yearning 5.face 6.sorrow 7.smile 8.ray of light 9.towards 10.Jacob 11.fragrance 12.clothes 13.government 14.imprisoned 15.angry 16.Joseph 17.leader
Who is it that comes back home as the leader of garden/homeland. He turns towards the garden/homeland reflecting its yearning (for freedom). He comes like a ray of light, a smile on the sorrowful face of the homeland. He comes towards Jacob as the fragrance of clothes (of Joseph). The Biblical/qur’aanic story behind this is that Joseph was the favourite youngest son of Jacob. On a trade mission the older brothers, out of jealousy, threw Joseph down a deep well, took his clothes back to their father, claiming that he was killed by a wolf. Jacob wept so profusely that he became blind, but the fragrance of his son’s clothes was a significant part of his loving memories. In this musaddas, composed and recited in 1936, Joseph is a metaphor for jawaharlal nehru but Jacob is not a metaphor for motilal nehru who was long dead (1931), but for the motherland/fatherland. Thus, jawaharlal returns to the homeland as the fragrance of loving memories. The Joseph, who the government had imprisoned in a fit of anger returns as the leader of the caravan of freedom.
2
ye jis kyaari1 ka gul2 hai us ki pahchaani3 hui buu4 hai
mahak5 phaili hui us ki chaman bhar meN har ek suu6 hai
KhizaaN7 ke daur-e-haazir8 meN yahi taskiiN9 ka pahlu10 hai
yahi jaan-e-gulistaaN11 hai, isi ka naam nehru hai
diloN par naqsh12 hai us ka zabaanoN par vaziifa13 hai
yahi vo naam hai jis ke sahaare14 qaum15 zindaa hai
1.cultivated line, garden plot 2.rose 3.familiar 4.fragrance 5.fragrance 6.direction 7.autumn, dry season 8.present times 9.peace of mind, comfort 10.facet, point of view 11.soul of the garden 12.imprint 13.chanting 14.supported by 15.homeland
He is the rose of the garden plot whose fragrance is familiar. His fragrance is spread in all directions of the garden. In the drought of the present times he is the only facet of comfort. He is the soul of the homeland/garden, his name is nehru. His name is imprinted on all hearts, and the chant on all lips/tongues. This is the name, supported on which the nation lives/hopes.
3
teri furqat1 meN ranjiida2 the yaaraan-e-kohan3 saare
taraane bhoolte jaate the murGhaan4-e chaman saare
lage the jhilmilaate5 se charaaGh-e-anjuman6 saare
teri aavaaz ke the muntazar7 saaz-e-vatan8 saare
tera mahfil9 meN aana tha ke phir muNh meN zabaan aaii
ragauN10 meN phir lahu11 dauRa tan12-e be-jaaN13 meN jaan aaii
1.separation, absence 2.sorrowful 3.longtime friends 4.birds 5.flickering 6.lamps of the homeland 7.waiting 8.musical instruments of the homeland 9.gathering, society 10.veins 11.blood 12.body 13.lifeless
All your longtime friends/admirers were sorrowful because of your absence. The birds of the garden had forgotten all their songs. The lamps of the country had begun to flicker. All the harps of the country were waiting for your voice. Your arrival in the society has given us tongue. Blood has started flowing through veins of lifeless bodies.
4
tere dil meN taRap1 hai ek soz2-e Ghair-faani3 ki
nazar4 meN ek tajalli5 hai shu’aa-e-zindagaani6 ki
haNsi halki si hoNToN par umiid-e-kaamraani7 ki
qasam-khaata8 hai farda-e-vatan9 teri javaani ki
inhiiN haathoN khulega ek na ek din baab-e-aazaadi10
teri soorat meN dekha hai vatan ne Khwaab-e-aazaadi11
1.restlessness 2.fire, passion 3.without end, eternal 4.eyes 5.brilliance 6.ray of light of life/hope 7.hope of triumph 8.swear by 9.future of the homeland 10.door to freedom 11.dream/vision of freedom
An eternal fire/passion is restless in your heart. Your eyes carry a brilliance and ray of hope. The future of the homeland swears by your youthful vigour. These are the hands that will open the door to freedom. In your face the homeland sees the vision of freedom.
5
nahiN rakhne ka tuu paa1-e jafa2 par farq3-e hurriyyat4
sitamgaari5 ke beRoN6 ko kiya hai Gharq7-e hurriyyat
tere KhooN meN saraa’et8 kar gaii hai barq9-e hurriyyat
vatan ko tuu bana dega kisi din sharq10-e hurriyyat
tu hi is daur-e-toofaaN11 meN apna nooh12-e aazaadi
tere qaabil12 meN khiNch13 kar aa gaii hai rooh14-e aazaadi
1.feet 2.oppression 3.head 4.freedom 5.injustice 6.a band of soldiers 7.drown 8.permeate 9.lightning 10.east, dawn 11.stormy times 12.Noah 13.body 13.collected, filtered 14.spirit
You were not the one to place the head of freedom at the feet of oppression. You drowned the troops of injustice in the sea of freedom. The lightning/thunder of freedom permeated your blood. Some day you will make the homeland the exemplary dawn of freedom. In these stormy times you are our Noah (of the Biblical prophet of Noah’s flood). The spirit of freedom has filtered into your body.
6
qariib1-e eKhtetaam2 aane laga hai daur-e-barbaadi3
mere kaanoN meN aati hai sadaa4-e naGhma-e-shaadi5
kahiN roke se ruk sakti hai ab taa’miir-e-aazaadi6
har ek zindaaN7 meN rakh aaya hai tu ek saNg-e-buniyaadi8
tere naqsh-e-qadam9 haiN razm-gah10 ke chappe-chappe11 par
tere eesaar12 ki mohreN13 lagi haiN zarre-zarre14 par
1.near 2.end 3.times of exploitation 4.sound 5.song of celebration 6.making of freedom 7.prison 8.foundation stone 9.footprints 10.battle field, field of struggle 11.every patch 12.sincerity 13.stamp 14.every particle
The end of the time of exploitation is near. I hear the sound of the song of celebration. How can the making of freedom be stopped. You have place a foundation stone in every prison. Your footprints are in every patch of the ground of freedom struggle. You love and sincerity is stamped on every particle.
