rahmat o adaalat-anis-Shakespeare

رحمت و عدالت ۔ میر انیس

 

مقدور  پر   بھی  کرتے  ہیں  عاقل   فروتنی

عاجز   ہیں  سب   خدا  کی  مگر ذات ہے غنی

ہم   سے   زیادہ   کون  ہے  تلوار  کا  دھنی

چلتے  ہیں  جھک  کے  صورت  شمشیر  آہنی

دیکھا  نہ  راستی  کا  مزہ   کج  ادائی  میں

سبقت   کسی   پہ  ہم   نہیں   کرتے   لڑائی  میں

 

۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔

 

لڑتے   تھے  مگر  غیض  سے  رحمت   تھی  زیادہ

شفقت  بھی  نہ  کم  تھی  جو  شجاعت   تھی  زیادہ

نانا   کی   طرح   خاطر   امّت   تھی  زیادہ

بیٹوں   سے   غلاموں   کی   محبّت   تھی  زیادہ

تلوار   نہ  ماری  جسے   منہ   موڑتے   دیکھا

آنسو   نکل   آۓ   جسے   دم   توڑتے  دیکھا

 

۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔

 

لے  سکتے ہیں  ترائی   کو   تم   سے  یہ   نابکار

کس   پر  یہ  خشم   اے  شہ  مرداں   کی  یادگار

جراؑت   میں  تُم  ہو  ایک  تو  یہ  اہل  کیں  ہزار

بخشا  ہے  ہر    طرح   کا   تمہیں   حق   نے  اختیار

بے   آب   تیغ   دم   سے   یہ  ناری  ہلاک   ہوں

گر  منہ  سے  اف  کرو  تو   ابھی  جل  کے  خاک   ہوں

 

ہے  گرچہ   انکی   بے  ادبی   قابل  سزا

پر   تم   پسر   رحیم  کے  ہو  بخش  دو خطا

جنگل   ہو   یا   ترائی   ہو   ہے  ہر   جگہ   خدا

مظلوم   کو   غریب   کو   غصّے   سے   کام  کیا

کرتا  ہے  عاجزی   وہی  جو  حق   شناس   ہے

ہم  کو  نبی  کی  روح   مطہر    کا  پاس   ہے

रहमत ओ अदालत – मीर अनीस

 

मक़दूर पर भी करते हैं आक़िल फ़रोतनी

आजिज़ हैं सब ख़ुदा की मगर ज़ात है ग़नी

हम से ज़ियादा कौन है तलवार का धनी

चलते हैं झुक के सूरत-इ शमशीर-ए आहनी

देखा न रास्ती का मज़ा कज अदाई में

सबक़त किसी पे हम नहीं करते लड़ाई में

 

————–

लड़ते थे मगर ग़ैज़ से रहमत थि ज़ियादा

शफ़क़त भी न कम थी, जो शुजा’अत थी ज़ियादा

नाना की तरह ख़ातिर-ए उम्मत थी ज़ियादा

बेटौं से ग़ुलामों की मोहब्बत थी ज़ियादा

तल्वार न मारी जिसे मुंह मोड़ते देखा

आंसू निकल आए जिसे डैम तोड़ते देखा

 

————–

ले सकते हैं तराई को तुम से ये नाबकार

किस पर ये ख़श्म अये शह-मरदां की यादगार

जुर’अत में तुम हो एक तो ये अहल-कीं हज़ार

बख़्शा है हर तरह का तुम्हें हक़ ने इख़्तियार

बे-आब तेग़-ए दम में ये नारी हलाक हों

गो मुंह से उफ़ कहो तो अभी जल के ख़ाक हों

 

है गरचे इनकी बे-अदबी क़ाबिल-ए सज़ा

पर तुम पिसर रहीम के हो बख़्श दो ख़ता

जंगल हो या तराई हो है हर जगह ख़ुदा

मज़्लूम को ग़रीब की ग़ुस्से से काम क्या

करता है आजिज़ी वही जो हक़ शिनास है

हम को नबी की रूह-ए मुतहिर का पास है

rahmat o adaalat – mir anis

Click on any passage for meanings and discussion.

maqdoor1 par bhi karte haiN aaqil2 farotani3
aajiz4 haiN sub, Khuda ki magar zaat hai Ghani5
hum se ziyaada kaun hai talvaar ka dhani
chalte haiN jhuk ke soorat6-e shamshir7-e aahani8
dekha na raasti9 ka maza kaj-adaaii10 meN
sabqat11 kisi pe hum nahiN karte laRaaii meN
1.power, capability 2.wise 3.humility 4.helpless 5.having means, powerful 6.like, similar to 7.curved sword of 8.steel 9.rectitude, upright 10.crooked style, ill-mannered, angry 11.to take the lead
This is husain instructing his followers on the conduct of war. Wise people practise humility even if they have power. Everyone is helpless, only god is all powerful (used as a reminder to remain humble and act with humility). There may be nobody who is a better swordsman than us. Even then we walk with a humbly bent back, like a curved sword. We do not see rectitude in ill-mannersims. We do not strike the first blow in conflict.

———–
laRte the magar Ghaiz1 se rahmat2 thi ziyaada
shafqat3 bhi na kam thi, jo shuja’at4 thi ziyaada
nana ki tarah Khaatir5-e ummat6 thi ziyaada
beTauN se GhulamauN ki mohabbat thi ziyaada
talvaar na maari jise muNh moRte dekha
aaNsu nikal aae jise dum toRte dekha
1.anger, fury 2.mercy 3.kindness 4.bravery 5.concern for 6.community
This is mir anis’ description of the character of husain. Even though he was at war, he was more merciful than wrathful, more kind than brave/strong. He was ever concerned about the community of his grandfather. He loved slaves even more than he loved his own sons. He would not strike anyone who turned away. He would shed tears whenever he saw anyone die.

————

le sakte haiN taraaii1 ko tum se ye naabakaar2
kis par ye Khashm3 aye shah-e mardaaN4 ki yaadgaar
jura’at5 meN tum ho aek6 to ye ahl-e keeN7 hazaar
baKhsha8 hai har tarah ka tumheN haq9 ne iKhtiyaar10
be-aab11 teGh12-e dum13 meN ye naari14 halaak15 hoN
go16 muNh se uf kaho to abhi jal ke Khaak hoN
1.wetlands (by the river) 2.nefarious, wicked 3.anger, fury 4.king of all men – one of the many titles used for ali 5.courage 6.one – unique, unequalled 7.people of hatred/vengeance 8.granted 9.truth, god 10.rights 11.dull 12.sword 13.edge 14.evil, satanic, made of fire 15.killed 16.if
husain and his followers have made camp by the river with access to water. yazid’s full army is a couple of days away but a small advance party has arrived and is forcing husain to move camp away from the river. The commander of husain’s army, half-brother abbas, is furious and wants to finish off the advance party. husain is calming him down, first by praising him and telling him that he has the right to do so and then proceeding to tell him to exercise mercy. How can these evil ones take possession of the wetland from you. You are the memory/likeness of my father (shah-e mardaaN), why this fury. You are unequalled in bravery even if there are a thousand of these hateful ones. God has given you the right to do what you want to do. You can kill off these evil ones with the dull edge of your sword. If you so much as utter a word of anger, they will all be reduced to ashes.

hai garche1 inki be-adabi2 qaabil3-e saza4
par tum pisar5 raheem6 ke ho baKhsh7 do Khata8
jangal9 ho ya taraaii10 ho, hai har jagah Khuda
mazloom11 ko Ghariib12 ko Ghusse se kaam kya
karta hai aajizi13 vahi jo haq-shinaas14 hai
hum ko nabi15 ki rooh16-e mutahir17 ka paas18 hai
1.even though 2.disrespect 3.deserving of 4.punishment 5.son 6.kind man 7.forgive 8.mistake, sin 9.used in the sense of desert wilderness NOT in the sense of verdant forest 10.wetland 11.oppressed 12.dispossessed 13.humility 14.knower of Truth, just 15.prophet (mohammed) 16.spirit/soul 17.holy 18.respect
Even though their disrespectful act makes them deserving of punishment, you are the son of a kind/forgiving man, forgive them their sin. Be it desert or wetland, god is everywhere (and that is all we need). Of what use is anger to the oppressed and dispossessed. Only they are humble who know righteousness. We have respect for the soul of the prophet.

rahmat o adaalat – mir anis

maqdoor1 par bhi karte haiN aaqil2 farotani3
aajiz4 haiN sub, Khuda ki magar zaat hai Ghani5
hum se ziyaada kaun hai talvaar ka dhani
chalte haiN jhuk ke soorat6-e shamshir7-e aahani8
dekha na raasti9 ka maza kaj-adaaii10 meN
sabqat11 kisi pe hum nahiN karte laRaaii meN

1.power, capability 2.wise 3.humility 4.helpless 5.having means, powerful 6.like, similar to 7.curved sword of 8.steel 9.rectitude, upright 10.crooked style, ill-mannered, angry 11.to take the lead

This is husain instructing his followers on the conduct of war.  Wise people practise humility even if they have power.  Everyone is helpless, only god is all powerful (used as a reminder to remain humble and act with humility).  There may be nobody who is a better swordsman than us.  Even then we walk with a humbly bent back, like a curved sword.  We do not see rectitude in ill-mannersims.  We do not strike the first blow in conflict.

———–
laRte the magar Ghaiz1 se rahmat2 thi ziyaada
shafqat3 bhi na kam thi, jo shuja’at4 thi ziyaada
nana ki tarah Khaatir5-e ummat6 thi ziyaada
beTauN se GhulamauN ki mohabbat thi ziyaada
talvaar na maari jise muNh moRte dekha
aaNsu nikal aae jise dum toRte dekha

1.anger, fury 2.mercy 3.kindness 4.bravery 5.concern for 6.community

This is mir anis’ description of the character of husain.  Even though he was at war, he was more merciful than wrathful, more kind than brave/strong.  He was ever concerned about the community of his grandfather.  He loved slaves even more than he loved his own sons.  He would not strike anyone who turned away.  He would shed tears whenever he saw anyone die.

————

le sakte haiN taraaii1 ko tum se ye naabakaar2
kis par ye Khashm3 aye shah-e mardaaN4 ki yaadgaar
jura’at5 meN tum ho aek6 to ye ahl-e keeN7 hazaar
baKhsha8 hai har tarah ka tumheN haq9 ne iKhtiyaar10
be-aab11 teGh12-e dum13 meN ye naari14 halaak15 hoN
go16 muNh se uf kaho to abhi jal ke Khaak hoN

1.wetlands (by the river) 2.nefarious, wicked 3.anger, fury 4.king of all men – one of the many titles used for ali 5.courage 6.one – unique, unequalled 7.people of hatred/vengeance 8.granted 9.truth, god 10.rights 11.dull 12.sword 13.edge 14.evil, satanic, made of fire 15.killed 16.if

husain and his followers have made camp by the river with access to water.  yazid’s full army is a couple of days away but a small advance party has arrived and is forcing husain to move camp away from the river.  The commander of husain’s army, half-brother abbas, is furious and wants to finish off the advance party.  husain is calming him down, first by praising him and telling him that he has the right to do so and then proceeding to tell him to exercise mercy.  How can these evil ones take possession of the wetland from you.  You are the memory/likeness of my father (shah-e mardaaN), why this fury.  You are unequalled in bravery even if there are a thousand of these hateful ones.  God has given you the right to do what you want to do.  You can kill off these evil ones with the dull edge of your sword.  If you so much as utter a word of anger, they will all be reduced to ashes.

hai garche1 inki be-adabi2 qaabil3-e saza4
par tum pisar5 raheem6 ke ho baKhsh7 do Khata8
jangal9 ho ya taraaii10 ho, hai har jagah Khuda
mazloom11 ko Ghariib12 ko Ghusse se kaam kya
karta hai aajizi13 vahi jo haq-shinaas14 hai
hum ko nabi15 ki rooh16-e mutahir17 ka paas18 hai

1.even though 2.disrespect 3.deserving of 4.punishment 5.son 6.kind man 7.forgive 8.mistake, sin 9.used in the sense of desert wilderness NOT in the sense of verdant forest 10.wetland 11.oppressed 12.dispossessed 13.humility 14.knower of Truth, just 15.prophet (mohammed) 16.spirit/soul 17.holy 18.respect

Even though their disrespectful act makes them deserving of punishment, you are the son of a kind/forgiving man, forgive them their sin.  Be it desert or wetland, god is everywhere (and that is all we need).  Of what use is anger to the oppressed and dispossessed.  Only they are humble who know righteousness.  We have respect for the soul of the prophet.

Justice Tempered – Shakespeare

Measure for Measure, Act II, Scene ii.  Duke is gone to a neighbouring country leaving the Deputy in charge.  Power goes to his head.  He wants to administer justice.  Isabella pleading for her brother Claudio, begging him to administer power with compassion …

O, it is excellent
To have a giant’s strength; but it is tyrannous
To use it like a giant.
Could great men thunder
As Jove himself does, Jove would ne’er be quiet,
For every pelting, petty officer
Would use his heaven for thunder;
Nothing but thunder! Merciful Heaven,
Thou rather with thy sharp and sulphurous bolt
Split’st the unwedgeable and gnarled oak
Than the soft myrtle: but man, proud man,
Drest in a little brief authority,
Most ignorant of what he’s most assured,
His glassy essence, like an angry ape,
Plays such fantastic tricks before high heaven
As make the angels weep; who, with our spleens,
Would all themselves laugh mortal.

Tempest, Act V, Scene i:

Though with their high wrongs I am struck to the quick,
Yet with my nobler reason ‘gaitist my fury
Do I take part: the rarer action is
In virtue than in vengeance: they being penitent,
The sole drift of my purpose doth extend
Not a frown further. Go release them, Ariel:

Timon of Athens, Act III, Scene v:  Even though their sins are clear, valour is not in revenge but in bearing/patience.

You cannot make gross sins look clear:
To revenge is no valour, but to bear.